Thyroid

Thyroid disorders, including hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, require tailored treatments to manage symptoms and restore hormonal balance.

Hypothyroidism Treatment

Hypothyroidism, characterized by an underactive thyroid, is typically treated with hormone replacement therapy. The primary medication is levothyroxine, a synthetic thyroid hormone that normalizes hormone levels and alleviates symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, and depression. Dosage adjustments are based on regular blood tests to ensure optimal hormone levels. Long-term monitoring and annual check-ups are crucial to manage the condition effectively.

Hyperthyroidism Treatment

Hyperthyroidism, marked by an overactive thyroid, has several treatment options. Antithyroid medications, like methimazole and propylthiouracil, inhibit thyroid hormone production. Radioactive iodine therapy destroys overactive thyroid cells, reducing hormone levels. Beta blockers are prescribed to manage symptoms such as rapid heart rate and tremors. In severe cases or when other treatments fail, thyroidectomy (surgical removal of the thyroid) is performed. Post-surgery, patients often require lifelong thyroid hormone replacement therapy to prevent hypothyroidism.

Additional Treatments for Thyroid Conditions

For conditions like goiter or thyroid nodules, treatment depends on the underlying cause and severity. Goiters caused by iodine deficiency are treated with iodine supplements. Benign thyroid nodules are monitored, while suspicious or cancerous nodules may require surgery or radioactive iodine therapy.